The Canadian Railroader Weekly. Vol. 1 No. 34: November 22, 1919

A NrmHpaper Splints tn tlje Welfare nf AU Markers by Baub nr Brain

Howard K. Falk,

Dept. Social Science,
McGill University,

MONTREAL,

Official Ot§an of ViWWI

THE FIFTH SUNDAY MEETING ASSOCIATION OF CANADA

e

Vol. I — No. 34 MONTREAL, NOVEMBER 22nd, 1919

i “LIFE” WAS CENSORED I

♦ 4

JpRESSMEN employed by the
Chappie Publishing Com-
pany, Ltd., in Boston, on dis-
covering in a cartoon in 4 4 Life ”,
which is being printed there
during the New York strike,
what they considered a reflec-
tion on organized labor, sus-
pended work and refused to re-
turn until the objectionable
carton was taken out. The car-
toon was eliminated, and the
men returned to work.

The drawing depicts a room
apparently meant to typify con-
ditions existing in a city ten-
ement district. The artist por-
trays a man beating his wife
over the head with the leg of a
chair. The woman is shown ly-
ing on the floor; the man has
one knee on her body and one
hand clutching her throat. A
child about two years old is

shown in bed, watching the
scene. Its face is expressive of
horror. Another child, evident-
ly a little older, is srretched on
the floor, face downward.

At the door is standing a pa-
trolman in full uniform. He is
talking with a captain of police,
who has rushed on the scene
with drawn revolver. The pa-
trolman, with hanci upraised,
says: “It’s all right, captain;
he’s got a union card.”

The question has frequently
arisen as to the right of print-
ers and other employees in
newspaper and other pub-
lishing offices to censor news
and other matters coming
through their hands in the way
of the day ’s work. Lord North-
cliffe said during the rail-
way strike in Great Bri-
tain that he would have
rather have his newspa-

pers suspend publication than
permit a threatened censorship
by union printers who objected
to what they described as lies
»and distortion concerning the
case of the railwaymen.

Generally printers themselves
have been opposed to any form
of interference with the * 4 copy”
which they are asked to handle,
even when that ‘ 4 copy” was an
unfair reflection on themselves.

The case in which “Life”
was involved and beaten,
through the attempted presen
tation of a cartoon which put
union men as such in the class
of beasts, and was the product
of a beastly vision quite foreign
to organized labor, may reopen
the argument on what should
Constitute the free press which
organized labor, as well as the
rest of the community, is keen
to have and to preserve.

U

DISCOURAGING. Chicago Daily News .

Price: [*c . single — $2.00 per
3 copy. year.

What of the
Churches Today ?

The great allied Forward
Movement of Canadian church-
es is about to be launched, in
the hope that ways will be
found to buttress a dwindling
faith in them. Broad and earn-
est men and women, within
and without the churches, have
come to see that the churches
no longer carry the right mess-
ages in the right way. The
churches have not progressed
with the needs and ideas of the
day.

Not that the fundamental
messages of the birth of the
Christian era will change, or
have ever changed, even in the
most unChristian days of
church history, — and some of
them were unChristian enough !
The Sermon on the Mount is as
sound a philosophy as ever it
was; probably, too, it is com-
ing nearer to application than
it ever did; but it is absurd to
cloud it with prints and pre-
judices, and petty programmes
and policies, of churches, a con-
dition observed by many
churchgoers and twice as many
non-churchgoers.

The rude truth about the
sects to-day is found in the fact
that it is difficult to tell from
an ordinary Christian’s speech
(Continued to page 8.)

Page 2

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

November 22nd, 1919

Parliament adjourned to the gene-
ral relief both of the members and
those who are compelled to attend
their deliberations, on November
10th. When the session began its
limit was expected to be the thirty-
one days necessary to earn the full
sessional indemnity, but in the end
it lasted seventy-one days to the
great disgust of our care worn le-
gislators who thought they were in
the way of securing something for
nothing. Brought together nominal-
ly for the sole purpose of ratifying
the Peace Treaty, which through
delays in Europe will probably not
come into effect for many weeks and
could therefore as far as our Par-
liament is concerned have been held
over till January, the business
dealt with grew in volume and in
the end save foflh'e absence of a
regular budget the session differed
very little from the normal gather-
ing.

There was endless talk, some
legislation of importance placed
upon the statute book and at inter-
vals a modest volume of interest in
the proceedings. But, in general, the
session was exceedingly dull; there
were no spectacular bouts of ora-
tory, no close divisions, no insur-
gencies, if we except Mr. Burn-
ham’s, and no sensational revela-
tions. There were two notable con-
flicts, one verbal between Messrs.
Rowell and Murphy, the other phy-
sical, between Col. Currie and Dr.
Cowan.

Members were certainly not over-
worked and at one period suffered
decidedly from boredom. Again
there was emphasized one deplorable
feature of recent Parliaments at
Ottawa, the slack attendance of
members. It was noticeable during
the war; on the decisive vote on
such an important measure as the
Military Service Act, only 102
members took part in the critical
division.

But there was some excuse for

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slackness during the war period ;
interest was concentrated else-
where, Parliament had for the time
being lost its importance, the Cab-
inet largely functioned through
orders4n-council and many members
had their energies occupied in war
work of various kinds. But to-day
when domestic problems of profound
importance hold the field, there is
no such excuse and the attendance
in the House is worse than ever.
Time and again there was scarcely
a quorum available. The Grand
Trunk Bill is one of the most import-
ant pieces of legislation which has
faced Parliament for some time
but the total number taking part in
most divisions upon it rarely ex-
ceeded ninety and was often less
than a third of the House. The
week end habit of departing on
Friday morning and returning on
Monday afternoon has become fixed
with many of the Ontario and
Quebec members and is not con-
ducive to the efficient performance
of their duties. There are several
notorious absentees who only turn
up when some special interest or
preserve under their care is in
danger or is being criticised.

There are others who frequent
the precincts of the House but find
card playing and exchange of re-
miniscences more interesting than
listening to debates and only appear
at the tinkle of the division bell.
It is true that there are some
orators in the House whose hearts
as Mr. Augustine Birrell once said
of such, 1 * must be steeled to every
form of human suffering”, (among
these may be numbered Messrs. G.
B. Nicholson and R. L. Richardson)
but members are sent to Ottawa to
endure such trials and end them
for the country. They have contract-
ed to represent a body of electors
in the Federal parliament and the
fact that certain phases of the
duty are unpleasant is no excuse
for neglecting it.

In Great Britain, it is customary
L o publish, from time to time, a
tabulated statement of the number
of possible divisions and the pro-
portion each member has participat-
ed in or paired for. The custom
could be well transplanted to Can-
ada and the constituents of many
of the present crew would do well
o conduct personal investigation
>n their member’s first public ap
'earance and ascertain if they
ire getting any value for their
money. If the member has a cre-
ditable division record, he is sure
*:o proclaim it himself; if he says
nothing about it, it is worth inquir-
ing into. But it is useless to elect
members unless we insist upon their
lose attendance to their Parlia-
mentary duties, and this all too few
can claim credit for doing. Matters
will not improve during this Par-
liament as many of our federal
legislators are well aware that their

political doom is sealed and affect
a lofty indifference as to their
standing with the electorate on the
ground that they are already con-
demned unheard.

The sessional work divided itself j
under four main heads, the peace j
treaties, the Grand Trunk legisla- j
tion, the soldiers’ civil reestablish-
meut problem and the liquor legis-
lation. The peace treaties inevitably
came first and provoked no very
acute conflict. Both sides were
willing to give approval of the
general terms. But there was a
sharp division of opinion as to the
necessity of the Parliament tak-
ing any action in regard to the
ratification of the Peace Treaty
and the League of Nations. In this
controversy the Government had
the right end of the stick and the
new conception of the national
status which Sir Robert Borden and
Mr. Rowell outlined in their speeches
more truly represented the views
of the Canadian people as a whole
than the outworn colonialism for
which Mr. Fielding and Mr. Mac-
kenzie pleaded. Both these veteran
Nova Scotians regarded any action
on the part of the Canadian par-
liament as a superfluity. On the
other hand, it is only fair to say
that both Mr. A. R. MacMaster and
Mr. Ernest Lapointe were not in
accord with this position and gave
even stronger expression to the
nationalist view than the Coalition
speakers. The Liberals proposed to
add a reservation only differing in
degree from that which the Amer-
ican Senate are now insisting upon,
but failed to carry it. In the end
both Houses ratified the treaty on
the same terms and by the same
enactments as the British Parlia-
ment did.

But the Grand Trunk legislation
was the star performance of the
session. The Liberals had reason-
able ground for objecting as they
did to the abrupt and hurried man-
ner in which the bill was thrown
at Parliament following a Minis-
ter’s definite announcement a week
before that prorogation was in
sight. The governmental excuse was
that an agreement had been unex-

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pectedly reached with the company
and it was desirable to clinch it
by legislation as soon as possible.
In the Commons, there was a dis-
position on the Liberal side save
with plutocrats like Mr. F. McCrea
o avoid discussing the principle of
public ownership; most of them do
not like it but profess to keep open
minds in view of the general sup-
port it enjoys in democratic cir-
cles.

The Opposition attack was there-
fore mainly confined to the actual
details of the agreement. It was
like drawing teeth often to get
facts and figures out of Messrs.
Reid and Meighen but even with
the material available the Oppo-
sition scarcely made the best of
.heir case. Senator W. B. Ross, in
iis speech delivered an indictment
of the transaction which was more
deadly and penetrating than the
united efforts of the whole oppo-
sition in the Commons for a fort-
night.

Far too little was made of the
langers and difficulties of one
ountry attempting to run a rail-
vay in the territory of another
vvhere as Senator Ross said “it is
not to the interest of a single per-
son either to increase their earn-
ngs or decrease their expenses”
tnd where the lines and rate will
be subject to the control of a fed-
ral administration and at least
aight legislatures. The Liberals laid
most emphasis on the enormous
financial burden which the trans-
action involved and the incapacity
>f the country to carry the load.
There were frequent hints, some-
imes open and sometimes veiled
hat friends of the Government
were profiting by stockmarket
manipulation in London, but the
?harge could not be pressed home.
The Government side were always
••eady to hurl the taunt that the
Liberal in opposing the bill were
acting as lackeys of the C.P.R.

The Government champions took
he line that the agreement was a
Pair settlement and would event-
ually result in a good bargain for
he country as it would give the
national railway system a reason-
able prospect of success which
> L herwise it would not enjoy. Few
of them lavished any praises upon
public ownership in the abstract
and many obviously gave it only a
forced allegiance. There should

November 22nd, 1919

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 3

have been no objection to the
change proposed by Mr. J. A.
Campbell in the Commons and by
some Senators that the 4% guar-
anteed stock should also come with-
in the purview of the arbitration
but Mr. Meighen talked mourn-
fully about such a course constitut-
ing a breach of faith with the com-
pany. Much the more formidable
opposition was met in the Senate,
which is not known to contain any
avowed sweetheart of public own
ership.

On the contrary, it includes many
gentlemen to whom the very word
is anathema. The Tories, enemies
of the measure for the most part,
cared little about the details of the
bill; some of them would have given
the Grand Trunk much better terms;
their daggers were sharpened for the
extension of the hated principle.
To placate some of the malcontents
the Government agreed to fix a
limit of an annual payment of $5,-
000,000 as the maximum sum which
the arbitrators can award ; this
means that the preference and or-
dinary shareholders can receive
more than a capital sum of $60,000,-
000. When this amendment came
to the Commons for acceptance,
Mr. Fielding and others objected on
the ground that the fixing of the
maximum was a direct invitation
(it proved so in the case of the C.
N.R.) to *award that amount but it
was eventually agreed to. On the
critical division in the Senate, the
Government would not have had
a majority but for the help of one
Liberal, Senator Todd, and the time-
ly advent of the new creations,
Messrs. White and Prondfoot.

However, the bill is now law and
the historic Grand Trunk railway
which has played such a large part
in Canadian politics and history is
sooner or later destined to be ab-
sorbed in the national system. The
G. T. officials have briefed a formid-
able and expensive array of coun-
sel but have not elected their ar-
bitrator. Mr. Warren, of the C.N.
R., will probably act for the Gov-
ernment.

Like all other public arbitrations,
it will be a fertile source of pick-

ings for the legal fraternity and the
tribe of expert witnesses, who must
already be licking their chops at
the thought of the $50,000 which
were included in the supplementary
estimates to provide for the costs
of the arbitration.

Heroic efforts were made by the
Government to keep the problem
of the soldiers ' demand out of Par-
liament but they inevitably failed.
The demand from the different
veteran bodies varied greatly in
scope and size, but all of them far
exceeded what the Cabinet was
prepared to do. Sir Robert Borden
refused to consider the question of
additional gratuities but his col-
leagues got permission to have the
matter reopened and the whole pro-
blem of the reestablishment of the
oldiers xvas examined by a parlia-
aentary committee, which after
| sitting three wecxs produced one
)f the most voluminous reports ever
irsented to the Parliament.

After some confused discussion
and some anxious moments for the
Government the report was accept-
ed and between torty or fifty
millions will be spent on helping
^he soldiers in various ways. But
there are to be no further general
gratuities as far as this Parlia-
ment is concerned. Yet it was?
foolish to think that the question
is settled for good. The rank and
file of the veterans are extremely
dissatisfied and are particularly
indignant at the score of soldier
members in the House whom they
claim conspired with the Govern
ment to betray them.

What causes more heartburning
han the failure to secure addition
al gratuities in the feeling that
che Government and Parliament
in general are now quite indiffer
ent to the needs of the soldiers,
for whom in the dark days of war
every one was declaring in gene-
rous tones that nothing was too
good. It may be quite a false
notion but the evasive tactics of
certain Ministers and members
have lent color to the idea that the
veteran is rather a nuisance, who
must be got rid of as cheaply as
possibly. If there is serious unem-

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ployment this winter, vigorous pro-
tests from the soldiers may be
looked for. Mr. David Loughnan,
;he able and progressive editor of
the Veteran has, this week, address-
ed two Tong and excellent letters
o his comrades in the “ Ottawa
Citizen" calling on them, not to
:orm a special soldiers 1 party but to
cooperate with labor and the farm-
ers in the construction of a nation-
wide people's party which will
make democracy in Canada a real-
ty and not a sham as it is to-
lay..

The prohibition measures were
lealt with in the closing hours of
ession. They were two in number,
but the really important one was
in amendment to the Canada Tem-
perance Act, which extends the
ocal option principle to provinces.

If any province on the initiative
>f its legislature calls for a ple-
>iscite on the question of banning
he importation and manufacture
if intoxicants for local consump-
; on and the “drys" succeed in the
plebiscite, such importation and
manufacture will be banned by
federal proclamation. But the right
>f manufacture for export will still
be permitted. The real effect of
he measure is “to pass the buck"

0 the provinces who will hence-
forth have the power of determin-
ng just exactly how “dry" they
vant to be. The Rev. Ben Spence
md the Dominion Alliance dislike
he bill and do not accept it as a

final settlement; they insist upon

1 measure of “bonedry" Dominion
prohibition.

In the Commons, Mr. Gus Por-
L er attacked the measure from the
Unionist benches and Mr. King
3 aid it was “humbug" but it ear-
ned easily. There was a mild con-
flict over it on the Senate on non-
oarty lines, but the champions of
temperance prevailed. The other
temperance bill merely amends the
Doherty Act and enables people
living in one province to be pro-
secuted for violating the temper-
ance laws of another. It is now
practically certain that when peace
comes into effect the wartime res-
trictions on the liquor traffic will
lapse and there will be for the time
being a resumption of the inter-
provincial traffic which previously
reached some dimensions.

The official coming of peace is
still delayed and may still be some
months distant. There was another
important measure which being
exceedingly dull received very little
attention from the House, namely |

a bill confirming tho scheme of
civil service reclassification which a
firm of American experts had
worked out. Its purpose is to co-
ordinate and systematiso the work
and salaries of the sixty thousand
civil service employees in Canada.
It is supposed to be the final stab
at patronage and its fundamental
principle is that the remuneration
of civil servants will henceforth
oe based upon the services they
perform and not upon the merits of
the individual. Men and women
doing the same kind of work will
be paid at tho same rate whether
they live in Halifax, Ottawa or
Vancouver.

Naturally, individuals are dis-
pleased at the new arrangements
and the export advice which de-
vised them has been paid extra-
vagant fees, but on the whole the
measure seems a step in the next
direction.

Such has been the main work of
the session. There has been no cess-
ation however of governmental ex-
travagance and supplementary es-
irnates to the tune of $62,000,000
odd were produced in the dosing
days. Some reputations have been
improved and others have diminish-
ed during the session, but any
estimate of personalities must be
deferred to another week. Thero
was considerable interest displayed
in tho composition of the Drury
Cabinet ere members separated.
The prospect of Mr. Nickle joining
it appalled many of the Tories but
among progressives there is great
regret that he was not induced to
serve and there is a disposition in
Ottawa to regard Mr. Raney as an
inadequate substitute. The new
minister of Education for Ontario
Mr. R. H. Grant bears a very high
reputation in the Ottawa district
and his selection has given general
satisfaction.

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Page 4

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

November 22nd, 1919

Government Stand
Regarding Mines

Mr. Lloyd George’s Refusal To Accede To Trade
Union Congress’ Demands For Nationalization
Is Widely Discussed.

By the Christian Science Monitor
special labor correspondent.

London, England — The all-absorb-
ing topic in trade union circles is
the refusal of the government to
accede to the Trade Union Con-
gress ’ demands for the nationaliz-
ation of mines. The government’s
decision occasioned no surprise to
the discerning, if the bluntness and
direct reply of Mr. Lloyd George
did. Much of the Prime Minister’s
success in negotiating difficult pro-
blems is due to his ability to ap-
proach a subject from an angle
obscured to the disputants, and to
effect an agreement giving both
sides an idea that they have had
the best of the deal. Witness the
recent railway strike settlement.
Considerable space and much ink
have been devoted to explaining
how the government refused to
budge from the position taken up,
or, alternatively, how the railway-
men brought the government to its
knees and so saved the workers
generally from a premeditated at-
tack to reduce their wages.

On the occasion under discussion,
however, the Prime Minister ap-
pears to have hardened his heart
and abandoned his familiar role of
conciliator-in-chief. This is highly
significant, in so far as it implies
that the government refuses to be
coerced, whatever the decision of
the miners, into adopting a policy
which it believes to be inimical to
the interest and well-being of the
community.

Syndicalism Tabooed

The case for nationalization was
put for the miners by thei* pre-
sident, Mr. Robert Smillie, strongly
supported by Mr. Frank Hodges,
and Mr. W. Brace, M.P. Mr. Smil-
lie ’s argument necessarily covered
much of the ground emphasized by
’ the coal commission report, the
main features of which have been
dealt with in the Christian Science
Monitor.

There was one point handled by
Mr. Smillie, however, which is
worthy of note. He was at great
pains to emphasize that neither he
nor his colleagues accepted the
syndicalist theory of the mines for
the miners; and asked the Prime
Minister if he harbored su n h a belief,
to remove it from his thought. The
demand for a voice in the control
of the industry in which they wer*
engaged, he maintained, in no way
comimtted the miners to syndicalism,

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A Bright Ray of Hope

The one bright ray of hope email-

in spite of the efforts of the press
to prejudice the miners’ case. The
first and determining factor should
always be the community, but the
miner should have an effective
voice in matters that concerned his
life.

There was much discussion as to ating from the discussion was the
what was really meant by the satisfactory explanations regarding
phrase “effective voice”. Did it | this new and highly controversial
mean a majority on the governing theory of joint control. There ap-
board? Did it mean the decisive j peared to be little dispute between
voice in the management of the | the miners’ representatives and the
mines? Mr. Hodges, replying to the government on this point. Certain
1 Prime Minister, explained that the it is that there was agreement be-
miners were agreed that it was not J tween Mr. Lloyd George and Mr.
feasible to ask the community to Smillie on the question.

“give the control of national prop- The disturbing feature brought
erty to the people who work that out by the conference was Mr.

property”, and that the “miners
hold 'the view that they have no
absolute right to the minerals to

Smillie ’s announcement that rather
than share joint control with the
emplbyers under the government

scheme of unification of districts,
they would prefer to go along in
the old way. The miners’ president
also questioned whether the em-
ployers would agree to what they
termed interference with their
business, and quoted Lord Gain-
tord’s evidence before the coal com-
mission in which he stated that he
was “authorized to say on behalf
of the Mining Association that if
owners are not to be left complete
executive control they would prefer
to give up.”

Joint Control Refused

Much was made by JVIr. Lloyd
George of the refusal of the min-
ers to share control with the em-
ployers, and Mr. Smillie, no doubt
realizing that it was an unfortunate
position, hastily explained through
the medium of a Labor paper,
which by the way described the
matter as being in the nature of a
“trick question”, that the miners 1
objection to the government’s pro-
posals is that there is a tendency
to set up a trust composed of mine-
owners and miners who might come
to regard their own interests as
being of more importance than the
interests of the public. Wages would
depend upon whether profits were
earned in the group to which they
were attached and as owing to na-
tural advantages one group was in
a position to pay better wages than
another group, this would divide
the members of the organization.
Also, as nationalization was inevit-
able, the unification of the mines
into a group system would simply
delay the step which the country
must take during the next few years.

The reply of the Prime Minister
was like the curate’s egg, good in
parts, while in others it revealed
a lack of knowledge of the subject.
Mr. Lloyd George undoubtedly
scored while dealing with the re-
commendations of Mr. Justice San-
key, who formed his opinions on the
assumption that “there is fair
reason to believe that the relation-
ship between Labor and the com-
munity will be an improvement
upon the relationship between La-
bor and Capital in the coalfield.”
Well, said Mr. Lloyd George, • that
was the honest opinion of Mr. Jus-
tice Sankey, and I might conceiv-
ably have thought so a few weeks

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November 22nd, 1919

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 5

ago, but the episodes of the past
weeks (railway strike) have no
strenghtened that opinion, and have
made the present the most inopport-
une time to press forward the de-
mand.

Plain “Tinker’s* * English

Happy, too, was Mr. Lloyd Geor-
ge when dealing with the compo-
sition of the coal commission and
the reasons why the reeominen !a
tions of the majority were not ac-
cepted. They explain, in a way, why
such a number of intelligent and
earnest people, apart from the min
ers, regarded as a pledge made on
behalf of the government the state-
ment that if the miners remained
at work a commission would be
appointed to inquire into the work-
ing of the industry, whose recom-
mendations would be accepted.

Although Mr. Bonar Law and Mr.
Lloyd George deny that any such
pledge could be read into the state-
ments made at the time, not only
the miners but any number of
other trades union leaders thought
so, too. It is an appalling thing
that the intentions of people can-
not be said in plain “ tinker ’s”
English. No end of disputes have
been the result of statements given
the form of that style of language
termed parliamentary.

Mr. Smillie, asserting that a
pledge had been given, reminded
the government that a strike had
been averted by virtue of that
pledge — or what L °nd his col-
leagues considered was a pledge —
when recommending the miners to
keep on getting coal.

In regard to the personnel, Mr.
Lloyd George pointed out that three
members of the commission who

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■vere regarded as representing the
onsumers, were known to have
>een earnest advocates of national-
zation, and therefore not impartial
udges. Two of them had even gone
he length of stepping out of their
iccustomed places to give evidence

0 the commission, evidence which,
n their position as commissioners,
hey would have no adjudicate
pon. Quite a palpable score.

“An unfortunate Defence”

Mr. Lloyd creorge was not quite
appy in dealing with the econo-
nic aspects of the demand, parti-
ularly in regard to the risks run
>y private capitalists in “sinking”
or coal. He explained that many
entures turned out unprofitable
nd that huge sums of money had
een spent and many people thrown
nto bankruptcy in consequence
hereof.

The miners’ representatives replied
>y reminding Mr. Lloyd George
hat speculators did not now sink

1 mine until “borings” had proved
o them the presence of coal in
ufficient quantities to guarantee
ommercial success, and that the

failures were an insignificant per-
centage of the remainder. Further-
more, many of the “abandoned”
.nines were due to the fact that
hey had been worked for many
years and the coal taken out.

It was an exceedingly feeble
reason, too, and one unworthy
aither the Prime Minister or the
occasion, to put forward as an ar-
gument against nationalization the
attitude of the press and the pub-
lic in the event of a failure. All
the successes of government enter-
prise are never heard of, said Mr.
Lloyd George in effect; it does
“not make good copy”; but let
there be one failure and the press
would have columns about it.

The statement is so significant
and so appropriate and full of mean-
ing in connection with other mat-
ters of public life that it should
be given in full. “You might have
a great state department with an
extraordinarily able mining Minis-
ter.” Mr. Lloyd George said: “he
might have a number of collieries
which he had developed and they
had been great successes, but one
day he had developed one, let us
say, at the cost of £500,000 or £1,-
000,000, and it fails; you would
never hear the end of it. There
would be columns about the way he
had been squandering public mon-
:y.”

This is an unfortunate defence to
say the least; and was perhaps re-
sponsible for the statement that
what struck the miners 1 represent-
atives more than anything else was
>he Prime Minister’s seeming lack
of knowledge of his subject. It cer-
tainly does seem out of place coming
from the lips of the “man with a
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wonderful department in the history
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Page 6

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

November 22nd, 1919

ft*#*'# - &- *

4

OUR SCOTTISH LETTER

i
T

Glasgow, October 29.

Much interest has been aroused
in Scotland over the new demands
of the railwaymen. The Executive
Committee of the Associated Society
of Locomotive Engineers and Fire-
men was instructed at a special
meeting to demand 7/6 per week
rent allowance to all members as an
addition to wages. There were indic-
ations that if the Rent Restriction
Act is repealed and house rents are
raised ihe point would be pressed
irrespective of when the rest of the
national programme is put forward.

A resolution was passed demanding
14 days holiday annually with full
pay after six months service, one
extra day each Bank Holiday work-
ed, and six free passes to be avail-
able annually to any part of the
kingdom for each man, his wife and
family. Another resolution demand-
ed that engine-drivers, motormen,
assistant drivers, firemen, and elec-
tric trainmen who, from ill-health
or defective eyesight brought about
by their employment, are taken off
the footplate shall be paid not less
than the rate they were receiving
when taken off. It was also decided
to assume a definite stand on the
question of lodging away from home,
and to refuse to undertake journeys
involving this practice. The state-
ment was made that one railway
company had already arranged duties
to obviate sleeping away, but the
other negotiations had been without
result.

A series of new proposals has been
submitted by the National Union of
Railwaymen to the Associated So-
ciety of Locomotive Engineers and
Firemen with the object of securing
tho fusion of the two societies, thus
unifying the activities of the rail-
way workers. They are: (1) A spe-
cial representation for locomotive-
men on the Union Executive. (2)
This principle to be applied locally
and locomotive branches to be Bet
up wherever possible. (3) No mem-
bers of either union to suffer loss
of benefit provided by the rules of
the respective organizations, but all
members to avail themselves of the
benefits authorized after any agree-
ment. (4) A guarantee to be given
to the officials and staff of the exist-
ing unions that their positions should
not be worsened as the result of the
linking up of the two societies.

The Poor Landlord

Tho property-owners in Glasgow
have met with misfortune. They have
been in the habit of paying from
May to May to the civic authorities,
and recovering same from the ten-
ants from November to November.
Under the Rent Restriction Amend-
ment Act, however, they must give
four weeks ’ notice of any increase
in rent on owners ’ rates, which only j
becomes operative from the date on j
whieh the notice expiree. Therefore, |

owners cannot claim retrospective
payment for tenants under the law.
The owners are approaching the
Government with a view to the
enactment of another Amending Act,
empowering them to claim retros-
pective payments from tenants in
respect of increases in owners *
rates.

OUT-OF-WORK DOLE -

“So long as the Government can-
not offer work to everybody there
is no justification for reducing the
out-of-work benefit”, was the state-
ment of Mr. Robert Allan, secretary
of the Parliamentary Committee of
the Scottish Trades’ Union Congress,
at a conference in Glasgow, this
week, convened by the committee to
consider the proposed further re-
duction of the unemployment dona-
tion. The conference proposed an
Appeal Court on the lines of the
Munitions Tribunal, with Sheriffs
as presidents, to sit in public. Mr.
William Kerr contended that the
necessity for the unemployment
donation was as great as ever it had
been since the Armistice.

Labor Party’s Claims

Speaking at an Independent Labor
Party conference in Glasgow, Mr.

Ramsay Macdonald claimed that
only a Labor Ministry could deal
with the problems of Nationalization
and increased production. The set-
tlement and peace of Europe, he
said, depended upon how soon a La-
bor Government came into office.
They alone, he added, had a clear
conception of how to deal with the
National debt. The Labor Party
proposed to conscript wealth on the
ame scientific basis as with death
duties.

Registration of Dockers

The Glasgow dockers are consider-
ing a scheme prepared by a subcom-
mittee of the Glasgow Port Labor
Committee, and suggested by the
Ministry of Labor, for the registra-
tion of dock workers at Glasgow
harbor. The suggested scheme is
similar to that in operation at a
number of other ports. The scheme
provides, in the absence of special
conditions, for preference of regis-
tration being given to bona-fide
dock workers, not being weekly men,
who are members of the Scottish
Union of Dock Laborers. All badges
are to be withdrawn and reissued at
the end of each quarter, and pro-
vision is made for cancellation of
registration, if necessary, in cases
of serious misbehaviour or failure to
work.

Flax Workers’ Settlement

The Scottish flax-workers have
arrived at a settlement in the dis-
pute regarding wages and hours. A

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46^ hour working - week is to be
tried for a year, and wages are fixed
on the basis of 55 hours’ pay for
46^2 hours’ work. Until the piece-
rates are adjusted, the rates are to
be 125 per cent, over those of 1914

Tax on Civic Service
The Glasgow Labor Party has de-
cided to press for the abolition of
income-tax on the revenue of civic
concerns which are run for service
and not for profit. The Glasgow
tramways have paid over £80,000 in
income-tax for the year ended May
last, as against £14,000 in 1914. The
total paid during the war was £275,*
068.

Lanarkshire Miners

Mr. James Turner, who presided
at the monthly conference of the
Council of Lanarkshire Miners’
Union, submitted a report of the
conference held in London relative
to tho salaries of Members of Par-
liament, when it was resolved to ask
that these be increased to £600 per
annum. At this conference, the high
cost of living was also discussed, it
being decided that this question
should be referred to the Trades
Union Committee with a view to
action.

Apprenticeship in Building Trade

There are indications that repre-
sentatives of capital and labor would
welcome an extensive return to the
principle of apprenticeship. Shorn
of the abuses to which it admitted-
ly lent itself in the past, there are
many very valid reasons for believ-
ing that it would go far to assist in
producing a more skilled worker in
many trades, a more zealous applic-
ation to the study of the occupation
to which apprentice was indentured,
and some considerable assistance
towards giving to relationships be-
tween employers and employees that
personal knowledge and understand-
ing so desirable to both. For some
time past men and women who are
concerned, individually and collect-
ively, with the welfare of the child
have endorsed the principle. Arising
in some measure at least out of the
committee ’8 activities, the Ministry
of Labor approached the interests
comprising the different branches of
the building trade, both of employ-
ers and operatives, and this has re-
sulted in an active committee known
as the .Building Trades Apprentice-
ship Committee. Little active placing
of boys could be affected until late-

November 22nd, 1919

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Rage 7

ly owing to the stagnation of build-
ing activities during the war, but a
scheme of apprenticeship agreeable
to all parties was drawn up, and has
proved suitable wherever it has been
put into execution. Now that the
scarcity of houses has thrown the
building industry into such great
prominence, the co-operation of all
builders is sought to provide open-
ings for boys in their works in the
different branches of the trade, their
indentures being signed under the
provisions of the scheme. A large
number of boys are anxious to be-
come apprenticed and the committee
is one of the signatories to the in-
denture. The scheme has hitherto
been applicable only to boys com-
mencing their apprenticeship, be-
tween 14 and 16, but the fact that
many otherwise eligible boys are
debarred by age alone to profit by
it has led the committee to consider
the question of formulating a scheme
for the extension of the commenc-
ing age limit. Such an extension
would, however, apply only to boys
who have been engaged on war
work.

Ironworkers’ Wages

In this month’s report issued to
the members of the Associated
Ironwoulders of Scotland, Mr.
James Fulton, general secretary,
states that it has been decided to
call a delegate meeting, composed
of one member from each district,
along with the Executive Council,
to consider the wages question
with a few to have war wages con-
solidated and made permanent. The
employers, state the report, whom
we usually meet in conference,
have turned down our request for
15/- increase, and suggested that
the wages question should be dealt
with in a national fashion. It was
further Btated that the wages at
present obtaining were the cause
of grave discontent and unrest.
Wages received did not meet the
increased cost of living, and, as the
cost was likely to soar higher dur-
ing the coming winter, something
more than present wages must be
secured.

I am informed that the Associat-
ed Ironmoulders of Scotland have
sent out the following order to all
branches: “The Executive Council
instructs that under no circums-
stances has work to be made for
any firm in England, Wales, or Ire-
land, while the strike of moulders
in these countries continues. We

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Steel Trade Strike

Further efforts are being made
by the officials of the Iron and
Steel Confederation, Glasgow, with
a view to bringing about a settle-
ment of the strike of bricklayers
employed in the steel trade in La-
narkshire. The strike, which has
now lasted about a month, has re-
sulted in the closing down of a
lumber of furnaces in Lanark-
shire and Ayrshire. It is estimated
that in consequence of the dispute
about 20,000 steelworkers have been
hrown out of employment. The
officials of the men’s union and the
steel companies were approached
this week by representatives of the
Confederation, and further meet-
ings took place. It is believed that
the parties will again be brought
together early next week.

Unrest Among Journalists

For some time there has been
considerable unrest among the
working journalists all over the
country, and this is increasing in
view of the fighting attitude which
s being adopted by the various
Federations of the proprietors. The
demands put forward by the Exe-
cutive Council of the National
Union of Journalists have been
turned down on the plea that they
are excessive and unworkable. The
Newspaper Society met a deputa-
tion of the Union officials last
week, and after a conference last-
ing over three hours, agreed to sub-
mit the wages question to arbitra-
tion. It was reported, however, that
Scotland would not be included in
this scheme, as all the Scottish
proprietors had resigned from the
Newspaper Society who had now no
longer any control over them. The
general secretary of the Union has
written to the Scottish proprietors
asking them to come into the scheme
of arbitration, but little hope is
entertained that they will accept
^he invitation. This means that the
wages question will now require
to be fought out in Scotland, and
already the journalists are in con-
ference with the compositors with
the view of point action being
taken. If necessary a good fight
will be put up by the men, and the
proprietors seem determined to fight
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Page 8

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

November 22nd, 1919

ulfyf (Canadian i£aUroai>er

WEEKLY

The Official Organ of the Fifth Sunday Meeting
Association of Canada

Organized, Sept., 1916.

Incorporated under Dominion Letters Patent,
April, 1919.

J. A. Woodward, President C. P. R. Conductor.

J. N. Potvin, Vice-President C. P. R. Train Dispatcher

W. E. Berry. 8ec.-Tre<uurer G. T. R. Conductor

Executive Committee.

S. Dale, C P. R. Engineer; V. Trindall, G. T. R. Locomotive
Engineer; John Hogan, C. P. R. Assistant Roadmaster; Archie
Dufault, C P. R. Conductor; E. McGilly, C. P. R. Locomotive
Fireman; W. T. Davis, General Yard Master; W. Farley, C. P. R.
Locomotive Engineer; W. Davis, G. T. R. Engineer; M. James,
C. P. R. Ecgiueer; S. Pugh, G. T. R. Conductor; Win. Parsons,
C. G. R. Ag*nt.

Issued m the interest of Locomotive Engineers, Railroad Con-
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Maintenance of Way Men, Railroad Telegraphers and employees
in all branches of the service.

Membership open to all who toil by Hand or Brain.

Yearly subscription: $2.00 Single copies . . 5 cents

PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
THE CANADIAN RAILROADER LIMITED

6C. DANDURAND BUILDING, MONTREAL

GEO. PIERgE. Editor. KENNEDY CRONE, Associate Editor.

(She JKorwarii 4Hmirmrnt

ceased to attend chruch to reconsider the matter and to give
a new trial and hearing to an institution which is virtually
“under new management”. Indeed, the spirit of democratic
administration has crept into the Protestant chruches, and there
might be great benefit to many of them if some of those who
have left them severely alone would take an active part and so
make them secure in the interests of the masses rather than of
the classes.

A Semorratir $Irtnn >

T HE New York “Herald”, referring to the visit of the
Prince of Wales, says that the Prince is heir-apparent
to a very democratic job of ruling, and that, once a
king, he really will exercise less power than a governor of one
of the States. It goes on to say that it believes he will learn
much in the U. S. as to democracy that will help him and his
people when he becomes an executive.

It is difficult for some Americans to understand that the
oyal house of Britain is already as democratic as it is possible
for such a house to be, and that so far as rule and authority
?o, is much less kingly than an American president or an Amer-
ican state government.

The “World”’ is to be thanked for trying to straighten
:*ut the mistaken notions of royal rule, though it also makes
he mistake of supposing that the Prince will be more demo-
cratic than ever because of his visit to the United States. He
cannot be more democratic than he is, and if lie were as free
as other British and American citizens to speak his mind, he
might express surprise at some of the American autocracies
with which he has come in contact.

W ITHIN the next few days there is to be a national cam-
paign known as the Forward Movement of the five
denominations of the Protestant churches, and it is to
be inaugurated by the holding of conventions at many leading
centres throughout the Dominion. In Montreal and Toronto
these gatherigs are taking place this week.

Broadly speaking the aim of the Forward Movement is to
raise additional funds for the extension of church work, both
at home and abroad, and to augment the permanent member-
ahip and the number of voluntary workers in the churches.
Each denomination has its own objective and is working inde-
pendently, but at the same time it is a simultaneous and an
emulative effort.

Before the war, it was almost a common-place that the
Church had lost hold upon labor and that the pulpit was on the
side of the employer rather than of the employee. Of late, how-
ever, there has been a pleasing change in this respect, and recent
annual conferences or synods have brought forth a sharp cleav-
age on this matter, sometimes not to the advantage of the capitl
a-ist. One salient fact is that the clergy are themselves suffer-
ing from the common complaint of to-day — low salaries, and
they are even turning to the common remedy, that of united
protest and action. But their sympathy is broader than that
of mere self-interest, for there does seem to be an honest con-
viction on the part of the great majority, at least of the younger
school of the prophets, that the functions of the Church are not
confined to looking after the spiritual welfare of its members,
but that it has a responsibility in relation to both soul and body.
In view of this change of attitude, it has been suggested in
various quarters that it might be well for some of those who have

WHAT OF THE

CHURCHES TODAY?

(Continued from page 1.)

and deeds on six days a week
what church he goes on to the
seventh. It is generally pos-
sible to tell at once if he be-
longs to the labor movement;
it is likely to be blazoned on
him in several days; and while
the fact that he is in the labor
movement is no sure indication
of the destiny of his soul, it
is at least a substantial seven-
days-a-week indication that he
is a practical exponent of the
brotherhood of man.

Some excellent lessons in ap-
plied Christianity of the seven-
days-a-week variety are incul-
cated in non-sectarian labor
affairs, often amongst persons
who never go to church and,
perhaps, never will. It may be
that the churches have some-
thing to learn from organized
labor, which is to-day one of
the most expressive signs of the

mind of the mass of the people.

We sometimes wonder if the
churches, even yet, are quite
conscious of the significance of
the labor movement. For in-
stance, a very fine letter on the
Forward Movement which is re-
produced on another page ap-
peared, so far as we have ob-
served, only in the Montreal
Gazette, in the form of a letter
to the editor. Apparently no la-
bor paper received it, and no
effort was made to put it di-
rectly before organized labor
in any way. The workers are
no longer led by the prosperous
or privileged classes. It is
hopeless to expect to reach them
through these classes. They
have their own mouthpieces,
men and women practically un-
known so far as the daily pa-
pers are concerned, most of
them poor and some of them
unlettered, but all of them in
close and kindly touch with the
people the Forward Movement,
if it is to be successful, must
reach.

u»t.*u*a*a*a*8*8*«*R »*a*::*u r*a*a*a-a*a*a*a*a*a-8»a*a»a*a*a*a*a*a*a»a»a*a*a*r*a*8*a*a^

November 22nd, 1919

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 9

WINNIPEG |

STORE 6 MAIL ORDER BID. }

SASKATOON

WAREHOUSE

REGINA

WAREHOUSE

HAMILTON

FACTORY

MONCTON

MAIL ORDEi

(UNDER CO*!

TORONTO

STORE
MAIL ORDER
BUILDINGS

AND

FACTORIES

CATALOGUE SENT ON REQUEST

a»8*a*a*a*a*a*3*a*a^a«a*a*a*a*a*a*a»8-a*a*a-a*a>a»a»a*a*a*a*8*a*a*a*a*a*a»a< a»a*a*a*>a*a*8*a«!:*aa-a*8*a*a«a»a*a*a*a-a*a*a*a

Page 10

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

November 22nd, 1919

Empire Press Conference

By Kennedy Crone.

H ERE and there in Canadian
newspapers for the past few
months, I have come upon news
items, special interviews and other
propaganda concerning an Empire
Press conference to be held in Can-
ada next summer, and which, I read,
will be attended by journalists re-
presenting journalists and journal-
ism in all parts of the Empire. One
of the latest illustrations is in the
Montreal Standard of Nov. 8th,
where Mr. R. L. Richardson, M.P.,
for Springfield, Man., and proprietor
of the Winnipeg Tribune , has a
whole column to talk of the con-
ference, and the tasks and respon-
sibilities of journalists in relation
to social upheavals, labor and ca-
pital, ‘ patriotism, Imperialism and
other things.

If I did not have sources of in-
formation other than the public
press, I might get the impression
that all Canadian journalists knew
all about this conference and had
much to do with originating the idea
and laying the plans in their name.

Having other sources of inform-
ation, may I, a journalist of 21
years standing, ask for some light
on this great Canadian conference
of the Empire's journalists, as my
information is that hundreds of
Canadian journalists — perhaps I
could safely say the majority of
Canadian journalists — are getting
their only light on it from the pub- ;
lished news and interviews I refer
to?

Quite unofficially and as a simple
bystander, I understand that the |
conference is being organized by j
the Empire Press Union, with head-
quarters in London, England. A no- j
tion, gaining some currency here, j
that the Empire Press Union is a
journalists' union allied to organized
labor, is laughably erroneous and
would not be relished by the mem-
bers. Membership of this union is

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composed mainly of publishers in
Britain, Canada, Australia and other
>arts of the Empire, some of whom
ire journalists and some of whom
are i.ot. The smaller end of its
membership is composed mostly of
;ome more or less exalted jour-
nalists who can be implicitly
relied upon to echo the views of
heir employers on all matters, and
of a corporal's guard of journalists
who are typical of the working
journalists of the Empire — that is
o say, typical of ninety-five per
cent of the Empire's journalists.
Its small membership in Canada is
largely composed of publishers and
their immediate representatives.

To most intents and purpose^ the
union appears to be an organization
of publishers, for publishers. There
is no quarrel with it as such. It may
be an excellent organization for its
various endeavors, and it is clear
that some fine types of publisher-
journalists are amongst its offi-
cers and members. It can hold
Empire conferences in Canada
four times a year if it wants
to, and good luck to it. But has it
a mandate from the great body of
the Empire's journalists, for whom
it has apparently constituted itself
spokesman? What mandate has it
from the 2,000 Canadian working
journalists, or from any represent-
ative body of Canadian working
journalists?

It seems to be, largely, no more
representative of the great body
of Empire journalists than the board
of directors of a steel company is
representative of the steel work-
ers.

It is, from Canadian appearances
at least, organizing a conference
of newspaper publishers and their
first lieutenants, and, if that is so,
should not the conference be known
as the Empire Publishers conference,
to be attended by publishers and
representatives of publishing and
publishers in all parts of the Empire?
That would put quite a different
complexion on it. If it is not so,
should not steps be quickly taken
to see to it that Canadian journal-
ists are properly informed and are
properly represented in the invit-
ation and the plans?

Years ago any combination of
publishers and their Men Fridays
could arrange off their own bat
conferences “representative" of
this or that journalism and these or
those classes of journalists. They
could put any title they liked to
them, and the man in the street
was none the wiser; he thought he
had the outlook of the journalist
when he was being given the
outlook of the publisher, * which
may sometimes be the same thing
but which is just as likely as not
to be something totally different.

The working journalist who would
Lav© lucked about self-appointed

publishers and others parading in the
public view in the name of journal-
ists, and making fine speeches
(sometimes prepared, under orders,
by journalists) on the duties and
privileges of journalists, would have
been kicked into the street.

He was a good enough man to run
the journalistic ihachine for 365
days in the year, but his place was
under the table when public junk-
ets and public conferences of jour-
nalists were held. If there were any
compliments going, they usually
went to the publisher, even if that
publisher never wrote a paragraph
in his life and his editorial abilities
in general were the cause of much
ribaldry in his own office.

That cannot be done any more.
Thousands of British journalists
are organized, and have an inde-
pendent and insistent voice. It is
no longer possible to take their
name in vain, or to shape their
duties and their destinies exclusive-
ly from the viewpoint of news-
paper publishers. The same thing
now applies to a large extent in the
United States and Canada, where
unions are springing up and giving
o journalists that self-expression
and self-determination which they
vvere for years denied, despite a
ontinuous public rumbling and
rolling of that wonderful old phrase,
the liberty of the press.

Here in the Metropolis of Can-
ada is an organization — the News-
writers' Union of Montreal, allied
o organized labor — which re-
presents eighty per cent of the
local journalists. It is the only re-
presentative of working journalists
in the city. It has received no in-
formation whatever about the Em-
pire Press conference of journal-
ists. Although I have the honor to
be the first vice-president of the
New r swriters ' Union of Montreal, I
am not speaking officially for it,
and merely cite the case as a specific
one in point. To my knowledge,
like cases can also be cited in regard
to other Canadian centres. The
Newswriters' Union of Montreal is
not, fortunately, in any need of
squeezing itself into such a confer-
ence in order to make itself heard,
and loses nothing by being unrepre-
sented in it. The union and its
various journalistic friends and
allies on three continents are now-
adays well able to hold their own
conferences when it suits them,
conferences of practical and pro-
fessional journalists which can be
correctly labelled as such and which
would be accepted by the public as
uich.

I am not opposed to an Empire
Press conference — far from it, as
is fairly well known in journalistic
circles at least — but I do think it
an unfortunate circumstance that a
conference purporting to be a con-
ference of Empire journalists,
held in Canada, should be so inade-
quately representative of, for ex-
ample, the working journalists of
the largest newspaper city in Can-
ada and of other cities of the Do-
minion.

There is also isason to suppose;

that this would be precisely the
view taken by our comrades, the
organized working journalists of
Great Britain, two of whose dele-
gates, I am informed, have been
asked to attend the conference.
Should the invitation be accepted,
one of these delegates would be the
accredited representative of more
:han 4,000 practical and profession-
al journalists who are members
of the National Union of Journal-
ists, (allied to organized labor)
and the other would be the ac-
credited representative of the 2100
practical and professional journal-
ists (including seme publisher- jour-
nalists) who are members of the
Institute of Journalists.

In passing, the fact that only
wo direct representatives of 6,000
British journalists have been asked
o come to the conference, repre-
senting the two largest organizations
of journalists in the world, while
here may be forty or more other
persons in the British party, would
3eem to indicate (in the absence of
complete information) a notable pre-
ponderance of publishers, their re-
presentatives and special appoint-
ees, or their sisters and their cous-
ns and their aunts. However, that
is a British question which I can
lefinitely expect has been, or will
be, definitely examined.

For my part, and probably I am
stating the opinion of hundreds of
my colleagues, I decline, most em-
)hatically, to have Canadian news-
naper publishers or their hand-picked
followers speak in public confer-
ence in the broad name of Canadian
ourna-lists and journalism, even if,
as I fancy to be the case, some of
these publishers are my personal
friends, and perhaps, indeed, my
prospective employers at some future
ime or another. Their vision is not
hat of my comrades or myself in
various matters of importance to
journalists and journalism and to
the community in general. It is not
the vision of thousands of my over-
seas colleagues and my colleagues
in the United States.

In any case, I am quite able to
publicly interpret my own vision
as a journalist, and quite satisfied
to accept my public representation
as a journalist through the estab-
lished organizations of qualified
journalists and their various allies
and other friends, including the
American Federation of Labor, which
may hold its annual convention in
Montreal next year. Some publishers
and their hand-picked followers
would make a horrible mess of what
is in my soul as a journalist earn-
estly, if humbly, seeking the light.

Kennedy Crone.

ESTABLISHED 1840

JOS. C. WRAY & BRO

UNDERTAKERS

ONE OFFICE ONLY
290 Mountain Street, Montreal

AMBULANCE HEAD QUARTER8

November 22nd, 1919

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 11

Montreal’s Insurance
Clerks Organizing

(Contributed)

The insurance clerks of Montreal
are organizing. Most insurance men,
it is admitted, have a sort of per-
suasive way with them and now
they are taking to the union method
of persuasion to get their employ-
ers to increase their salaries. Owing
to the great struggle that has been
going on all over the world between
capital and labor, the clerical class
is now threatened with extinction,
either by the route of suicide or
starvation owing to the lack of in-
crease in wage scales in concurrence
with the increase in the cost of liv-
ing. In order to offset this state
of extinction, the insurance clerks
of Montreal have begun to organize.

It is not an association or a good
fellowship organization but a plain,
ordinary, garden variety of union
that they propose to form. An or-
ganizer }s at present employed upon
the work. Montreal workers of this
class are not the first to organize.
A year or so ago, the insurance
clerks of the United Kingdom, or
in England at least, organized a
strong and effective union and
bettered their conditions almost at
once. A few months ago, after the
English effort, the insurance clerks
of France followed the cue. There
in that country, war worn, weary
and bleeding as no other country
was because of the recent conflict
they organized and although the
union is but a few months old,
conditions have already been great-
ly improved.

‘.‘This is not an organization
militant ,, , said one prominent in-
surance clerk to me. “Wo are
out to prevent the crushing out
of our trade or profession, which
ever you please to term it. We are
not worrying so much about the
classification just now as the con-
tents of our pay envelopes. It is
estimated that there are between
2,000 and 2,500 inside insurance
clerks in Montreal to-day. One or
two companies have their head
offices here, and while salesmen on.
commissions make very attractive
salaries the inside man has little
chance of advancement, except that
bequeathed to him by death in the
ranks of his fellow workers higher
up. This may take some sting out
of death and put a bit of victory
in it when it i 9 not immediately
applied to the individual and when
it rustless its wings above the head
of some other employee who has a
better job, but it is an unsatisfactory
method of salary increase and ad-

ff

roFT

yks

ram

fonwL
I F01VIJ5111NG5

9l?3r.(art>erl9e $yM <&.

The Dental Clinic
— of —

ST. LUKE’S HOSPITAL

Work executed in gold or In
rubber at moderate prires.
Our offices are under the su-
pervision of experts — not stu-
dents.

Fr e Treatment to Poor
School Children.
TEETH EXTRACTED PAIN-
LESSLY BY A NEW
METHOD

VISITING HOURS 8.30 to 8.30

88 St. Denis St.

Between Dorchester and
Lagauchetiere

PHONE EAST 5782

ancement. So now comes the union.
The organization of this union is
>nly yet in its early stages but it
s growing rapidly and practically
'very inside man is enthusiastic for
t.”

Someone will, I am sure, look in-

*redulous upon the statement that
during the past three years there
ave been many of the clerical
classes, honest, industrious, sober
nen who have actually been in need
of food but who needs must keep up
ippearances in some of the palatial
offices in which they work. It is not
difficult to prove this assertion
should anyone desire proof. The
derks, will not desire it I am sure.

The organization of a union by
he insurance clerks is but the first
straw indicating the way in which
he wind will blow and blow a gale
in the not far distant future in
Canada. The clerical classes are
being driven to organize and they
ire throwing their lot in with or-
ganized labor. They have played
he game and stood staunch behind
heir employers now during the past
five years of strain and stress and
ave little or nothing to show for
it. Now they are about to try the
other tack. They have been able to
et no concession from capital; they
will see how labor will treat them.
Organized labor welcomes them into
he fold almost without exception.
There is talk among employers about
he degradation of clerks allying
:hey9elves with laborers. If the
protection of one’s family from
want and suffering is degredatinn
hen let us be degraded they cry.
The pride of the clerical classes is
lot a foolish pride, but an honest
one. To them all work is honorable
if honestly performed whether oar-
: ed out with a pick or a pen. The
clerical classes are organizing and
he insurance clerks are amongst
he first to make the break in the
iinei.

The Fifth Sunday Meeting Association of Canada

Its Only Aim Is The Welfare of The Masses.

» _______

The people of a nation cannot advance beyond the men who make its
laws, and the Fifth Sunday Meeting Association of Canada exists to 8eo
to it that the workers by hand and brain are directly represented in the
law-making bodies of the Dominion; to find, train and elect the right men
>f our own cla.ss in order to secure the kind of legislation that will proteci
ind advance the interests of the workers.

It will wage warfare on plutocracy, despotism, economic privileges,
md upon all the evil forces which burden the people and rob them of that
happiness of living which is their fundamental right.

It is a non-partisan educational and political association, and because
of the manner in which it is organized can never become the instrument
or plaything of a small group of any class, particularly of wealthy men
Hie aim is the attainment of true democracy.

WE PLEDGE OURSELVES:—

To support all municipal, provincial and federal educational plans
\here the evident purpose is to raise the standard of education in en-
lightened and progressive ways; to present truthfully and fearlessly
hrough the medium of Fifth Sunday Meetings and our own press, the
‘Canadian Railroader”, the latest and most important political, social and
adust rial developments;

To advocate the abolition of property qualifications for the franchise
>r for election to public office; the adoption of the Initiative, Referendum
md Recall, and of proportional representation in all forms of public
;overnment; universal suffrage for both sexes, on the basis of one person,
me vote; the transfer of taxes from improvements, and all products of
abor, to land values, incomes and inheritances;

To advocate prison reform, including introduction of the honor and
segregation systems, and abolition of contract labor; the enactment and
gid enforcement of child labor laws; pensions for mothers with dependent
liildren; regulation of immigration to prevent lowering of industrial, poli-
ical or social standa;d3; development of the postal savings and parcel post
ystems; financial and other assistance to farmers through co-operative
uinks and by other means; government 'development of co-operative pro-
ueing and trading associations for the benefit of the consumer;

To advocate extension of workmen’s housing schemes and the labor
•ureau system; provision of technical education for every willing worker,
.(•cording to his capacities; more effective inspection of buildings, factories,
workshops and mines; minimum wages; a rest period of not less than a day
md a half per week for every worker; government insurance of workers
•gainst sickness, injury and death; maternity benefits and oid-age pensions;
elter Workmen’s Compensation Acts; representation of the workers on all
Lublic boards and on boards for the supervision of private enterprises;
m ion labor conditions in all government work; adequate pensions and op-
portunities for soldiers and their dependents;

To advocate freedom of speech and of the press, and a law compelling
ill newspapers and periodicals to publish in all 'issues a complete list of
narehohlers and bondholders.

‘‘The Fifth Sunday Meeting Association of Canada” is financed en-
ire’y by its members who contribute $2 a year in membership fees. If a
ocal has been established in your city $1 remains in the local treasury and
he other dollar is sent by the local organization to our Dominion Head
uarters, GO Dandurand Building, Montreal, Que. In case no local has been
stablished in your community, send the membership fee of $2 directly to
dominion Headquarters.

The funds accumulating in the Dominion Headquarters are used for
olitical and educational propaganda; the development of the organization;
he prepa ation of pamphlets and leaflets and the financing of the various
political campaigns where favorable opportunities develop, to elect our
andidates. The treasurer is under bond and the books are audited by a
inn of accountants.

An application blank will be found below Merely fill out the applica-
ion blank, buy a postal order for $2 and send it to Dominion Headquarters,
our membership card will be fo- warded by return mail. Join this great
rganization in the interests of education and clean politics. Today is the
'ny and tin’s is the hour. Broome a member now.

* ♦ * * * ♦ * ♦- * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ 4

APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP

To the Secretary, 1

The Fifth Sunday Meeting Association of Canada, <

General Headquarters, 60 Dandurand Building, i

MONTREAL, Qui. •

I hereby make application for membership in "The Fifth Sunday ^
Meeting Association of Canada.” I subscribe and agree to pay, ^
while a member, the yearly fee of $2.00 in advance. J

Name j

Amount paid $ Address 4

Date City *

Province. i

Make all cheques and money orders payable to “The Fifth *j
Sunday M rating Association of Canada . ” 4

Official membership card will be mailed from headquarters ,
with copy of platform , constitution and general rules .

♦♦♦♦ ♦♦ ♦♦

Page 12

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

November 22nd, 1919

“CLASS OR COUNTRY ”

, (Montreal Daily Star)

Mr. Drury declares that he will believe in God.” Such language is
not establish class government in

Ontario. But a Cabinet to which
only farmers and industrial work-
ers will be admitted will not be
representative of “the people”.
There is nothing new in the claim
that the Drury Cabinet will repre-
sent “the people” in some new
and peculiar fashion. In political lit-
eiature all Governments are de-
feated by “the people”. So it is
always “the people” who are
victors. But it is not desirable that
any class should control legislation
nor that any class should be ex-
cluded from representation in Cab-
inets. The country would not be
willing to be governed by a Cab-

in strange contrast with the state-
ment of the Grain Growers ’ Guide,
the official organ of the United
Farmers, which says: “The simple
development of a class organization
for the purpose of securing class
benefit at the expense of the rest
of Canada would be most intolerable
and unjustifiable. It is a pleasure
o announce to the people of Can-
ada that the organized farmers
have no such desire and no such
ntention. They seek to better the
< ondition of every Canadian and
heir policy is and will continue to

j for additional Federal expenditures
i for railways. They supported the
' Grand Trunk Pacific and the Can-
alian Northern, while the Hudson
Bay Railway was chiefly a political
concession to Western farmers. In
some of its phases the railway
policy of Canada may have been
extravagant and unwise, but it was
not imposed upon the country by
“the organized autocratic classes.”
indeed, no legislation has been im-
posed upon farmers by other classes
*n Canada, and it is not generous
or patriotic for Mr. Wood to create
any other impression.

We have not had class govern-
ment and we may all pray to be
javed from class government. Agri-
culture cannot prosper unless the
.owns and cities prosper. There
cannot be industrial depression with

mand for what the farms produce.
Eighty or eighty-live per cent of
all the farm products of Canada
are consumed within the country.
Much of what the farmers produce
can be sold elsewhere only at a
lower return to the producers. There
s no natural conflict between the
tarms and the towns and cities, and
whether Mr. Wood admits it or
not, no greater disaster could befall
gricuLure than smokeless chim-
neys and unemployment in the in-
dustrial centres. It is estimated
that during the long strike in Win-
nipeg perishable farm products to
the value of $2,000,000 were un-
marketed. The ract surely has
significance for the class patriots
and economic theorists who would
imperil the Canadian industrial
fabric by revolutionary changes in

out lower prices and a reduced de- fiscal and national policy.

be ‘ the greatest good to the great-
est number. * 1
The organ is wiser than the lead- # • # • # •

inet of manufacturers nor by a
Government representing only the
professions. It ij too true that in
Federal and Provincial Cabinets
neither Agriculture nor Labor has
had adequate representation, but
that is no reason why Agriculture
and Labor should have all the re-
presentation in future.

The fact that a farmer has be-
come Premier of Ontario is not sur-
prising. It is surprising that a farm-
er did not achieve that distinction
long ago. Nor will Mr. Drury fail
because he is a farmer. He may fail
if he thinks that the fact that he
is a farmer is his chief qualifica-
tion for the office or that agricul-
ture is the only interest in which
the Government need be concerned.
There may still be people even
in Canada who believe that farm-
ers are an inferior order and that
there is something incongruous in
making a farmer first minister of
a Province or of the Dominion, but
they are not numerous and they
are not wise. Nothing is more fool-
ish than the charges made by some
Western newspapers that the farm-
ers are seeking to establish Soviet
Government or that the leaders of *
the Grain Growers are tainted with *
disloyalty. If true, it would be a *
pity; but, fortunately, it is un- ^
true, and nothing could be more +
mischievous than to oppose the *
farmers’ political platform with *
that species of slander. i ^

But Mr. H. W. Wood, President
of the United Farmers, has been
using language upon which
cannot be congratulated. He de- j 4.
dares that “the organized auto-
cratic classes” have dominated
Canada for twenty years, but have
never represented more than five
per cent of the people. He says:
“Why did farmers organize as a
class? Simply because we were
driven to organize in order to de
velop enough strength to protect
our class against their organized
competition.” He adds: “I believe
from the bottom of my heart that
class organization is the only roa
along which civilization can travel
to safety. I believe in that as I

er. The truth is that Mr. Wood has
been talking disturbing and dan-
gerous nonsense. There has been no
lass government in Canada. There
never has been a Government at
Ottawa, and probably not a Gov-
ernment in any of the Provinces,
'hat was not supported by a major-
ity of the farmers.. Even when the
rade agreement with Washington,
which Mr. Wood so strongly favor-
ed, was defeated, a decisive major-
ity of the farmers voted with the
party which opposed the compact.
Mr. Wood and his associates com-
plain of the obligations which the
country has assumed on account of
railways, but nowhere in Canada
has there been more general sup-
port for railway subsidies and guar-
antees than among the farmers of
Alberta and Saskatchewan. From
these Provinces now come demands

The Robert Mitchell Co., Limited

BRASS AND IRON FOUNDERS

Prompt

Good Workmanship and
Delivery

64 Belair Avenue,

MONTREAL

*
♦

he | *

‘GANONG’S” HARD CENTRES and NUTS

“The Finest in the Land”

GANONG BROS., LIMITED

ST. STEPHEN, N.-B.

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I

November 22nd, 1919

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 13

j The Forward Movement !

f t

+■ ♦ •* ♦' * ♦' * ♦ 4 * ♦ * ♦ 4 * ♦ * ♦ 4 * ♦ 4 * ♦ * 4* -•> 4* ♦ 4* ♦ * ♦ 4. 4. 4. ♦ 4* ♦ 4* ♦ 4. ♦ 4. 4. ♦ *

(A * 4 Letter to the Editor”, reprinted
from the Montreal Gazette.)

May I beg the favor of your col-
umns to call attention to the For-
word Movement now on in the Can-
adian churches, and to the conven-
tion that is to be held in Montreal on
the 25th and 26th of the present
month?

In regard to the movement itself,
it springs out of present national anl
world conditions. The experience of
the last four or five years has set us
to a revaluation of our beliefs and
our institutions. The Church has not
been allowed to escape. Both within
and beyond her walls men are asking
the question, 1 What is she worth ? For
how much does she count?* This prob-
lem is before us. On the one hand
there are today in the five leading
Protestant denominations over a mil
lion of definitely enrolled communi-
cants, and there is a nearly equal num
ber in the Roman Catholic Church
men and women who have professed
faith in Christ. And, on the other
hand, we have many evils — flaunting
luxury confronted by piteous poverty,
the palace at one end of the social
scale, the hideous tenement at the
other; we have questionable methods
in business and cynical corruption in’
political life; we have a setting of
class against class, which is a per-
petual menace to the peace of our
land, and we have those plague spots
of civilization, the drunken haunt, the
gambling den, the house of ill-fame
The question forced upon us ; s *h ; s
If the Church were better, would these
things be so bad? If these miTions
of men and women who bea* the name
of Christ were confronted by the spirit
of Christ, the spirit that means truth,
and justice and kindness, would thes"
blights be upon our life as a nation?
What is the answer? There can be
no hesitation about that. We are
quite sure that if the Church were
better, things would not be so bad.
People of all sections of the Church are
filled with a sense of misgiving, anl
are in perplexity as to the things that
may come to pass; and with this mis-
giving and perplexity there is a growl-
ing conviction that something ought
to be done and something can be done
in the nature of a step forward.

This conviction has taken practical
shape in what is known as the For-
ward Movement. This has its two
sides, the sectional or denominational
in which each denomination has its
own particular objectives and methods
of organization, and the united or
catholic, in which all join together in
the things that are of common and
paramount interest. It is to th's
latter aspect that I would ike to call
attention. Arrangements have bee '
made to hold a series of convent’o^s
which will link the Atlantic to the
Pacific in one long chain of whole-
some penitence and enkindle! hoTX*
A band of speake s has been chose 1
and these men will bring to assembled

thousands the wisest, the strongest,
the most inspiring messages they are
able to deliver. Mueh time, much
}abor has been given to the prepara
tion for these gatherings, and it now
remains with the people themselves to
determine what shall be the upshot
of it a'l. We look for great things.

The Montreal convention will begi
at 8 oclock on Tuesday evening, th?
25th inst., and will close with the en!
of the evening session on Wednesday.
The speakers assigned for the evening
meetings are well known men, Camp-
bell White, Pidgeon, Endicott, Rowell
and Sherwood Eddy. The place of
meeting will be St. James Methodis 1
Church. Announcement in greater de-
tail will be made from time to time
but this is the general outline. We
have built an altar; we look for the
fire. We have dug the ditches; we
look for the showers.

HUGH PEDLEY,
Chairman of Local Interdenom
inational Committee.

NOW IS THE TIME for a gene
ral cleaning out of the intestines
if you wish to avoid constipation,
biliousness, pimples and other
trouble; so frequent at this sea
on of the year. Use.

" R t G A *

PURGATIVE WATER

the ideal saline purgative which
flushes out the intestines, remov-
es offensive waste matter, insures
normal bowel action, pure blood
and freedom from illness.

On Sale Everywhere: 25 cents
the bottle.

RIGA PURGATIVE WATER CO.
MONTREAL

SpecialGlove

Railroad & Ironworkers

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ftoeofar on Ma

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FINGER MITTS
50$ and?I22
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$| 2 $AND*i£ 2 PERPAIR

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PROMPTLY

Made by

Non fREAL Glove & Mitten Mirks

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| St Maisaxvfw:. j

CHEWING TOBACCO

^oocL

It gives to the consumer
a feeling of pleasure
and contentment.

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New and Used Machinery

WOODWORKING MACHINERY,
MACHINE TOOLS, ENGINES,
BOILERS, MOTORS,
PUMPS,

CONTRACTORS’ EQUIPMENT.

Our machinery supply department carry
a complete stock of shafting, hangers,
pulleys, belting, machinists’, millmen’s
and engineers’ supplies of every descrip-
tion.

H.W. PETRIE, Limited

FRONT STREET WEST, - - TORONTO

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Pajre 14

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

November 22nd, 1919

THE OTTAWA TRUSS

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MILLING

AND SURGICAL CO.

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and Mining

LIMITED

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Machinery

TRUSSES,

SUPPORTERS,

ELASTIC

STOCKINGS

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Shafting, Pulleys, Gearing,

Hangers, Boilers, Engines,
and Steam Pumps, Chilled

Car Wheels & Car Castings,

Brass and Iron Castings of

every description, Light and

Heavy Forgings.

316 to 320 Wellington Street

Alex. Fleck, Limited

OTTAWA, Canada

II

OTTAWA, Ont.

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Fairbanks - Morse

RAILROAD SUPPLIES

Motor Cars, Track Tools, Electric Baggage
Trucks, Hand Trucks Section
Men’s Engines.

Your recommendation of Fairbanks-Mor»e Railway

Supplies will be appreciated. <

“Canada's Departmental House for Mechanical Goods” <

The Canadian Fairbanks - Morse Co., Limited J

* Halifax, St. John, Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, 4

* Hamilton, Windpor, Winnipeg. Saskatoon, Calgary, i

* Vancouver, Victoria. *1

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Canadian Boiled Dinner

lEST^jfe 241

This Legend on the Tin is
a Government Guarantee of
Purity.

W. CLARK, Limited, Montreal

Canada Food Board , License No. 14-216

We Will Never Lower th- Standard of

“CEETEE

“Ceetee”

99 THE PURE WOOL

UNDERCLOTHING

THAT WILL NOT SHRINK

Remember this is no “low grade” or “second hand”
underclothing.

Every garment bearing the “Sheep” Ceetee trade mark is of the
highest quality — material — and workmanship.

l^tOUNS^
jpEETEE ^
>tJ fiE \VO°V

Look for tho
Sheep «q
•v»!7 garment

MA ev DE The C. Turnbull Company of Galt, Limited - SALT, Ont.

November 22nd, 1919

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

Page 15

“MASTER MECHANIC

■ VI UNION IVI MADE

OVERALLS

For Railroad Engineers and Firemen

Dressy enough for the crew of the crack “Limited,” and with strength a plenty for the men
who haul the cannon ball freights.

“MASTER MECHANICS” won’t rip or tear; they are made to stand the strain of a strong
man’s job, and fit as comfortably as an old shoe.

“MASTER MECHANICS” are made in a Union Shop, from good heavy cloth, in blue and white
stripe, plain black, and light and dark blue shades. They retain their shape and are reinforced
wherever extra strain comes. Seams are double stitched; fly and side openings have continuous
facing to prevent tearing and every button hole is whip-stitched. The overalls have seven large,
handy pockets, the coat six — two of these being combination watch and pencil pockets ; cinder
proof collar; detachable brass buttons on coat; four-piece sliding
web suspender, with no-slip brass snap fastener; high back, high
bib, and extra roomy seat.

Look for this label on
your next Suit of Over-
alls.

“MASTER MECHANICS” are sold on a-new-garment-or-your-
money-back guarantee, which guarantee, plainly printed in black
and white, is to be found in the pockets of every suit leaving our
factory. Look for this label on your next suit of overalls.

Western King Manufacturing Co. Limited

WINNIPEG, Manitoba

^Master

■/Mechanic

FOR ENGINEERS £ FIREMEN

o , O ~ X.CI

_$ize

Western King Manfe. Co. Lid

«

***::♦*-*♦*♦* | D E S J A R D I N S |

FURS of QUALITY

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DESJARDINS’

Fur Coats and Sets

Created especially
for connoisseurs.

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Interpreting Fashion ’s
Latest Achievements in
a manner expressive of
our standard of superb
individuality.

Our Winter Exposition is at its height —
inviting the immediate attention of
patrons of discriminating preference .

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FITTINGS, LIMITED

OSHAWA, Can.

Mami,acturers of

it

Diamond"

PIPE FITTINGS

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130 St. Denis St., Montreal.

Page 16

THE CANADIAN RAILROADER

November 22nd, 1919

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DO YOUR CHRISTMAS SHOPPING

It is pleasant, easy, profitable and highly satisfactory.

IN THE SIMPSON CATALOGUE

D OUBTLESS you have found the Simpson Catalogue of great
value when purchasing your daily needs but did you ever
realize what a fertile field for Christmas shopping lies between
its two covers?

There are suitable gifts for every member of your family
or of vour circle of friends. Gifts, which are pleasing and highly
useful as well.

A FEW SUGGESTIONS

FOR HER

Dainty Waists, pages 1 to 12.

Furs of exceptional value, pages 54 to 66.
Warm Mufflers Sets, pages 72 and 73.
Fancy Collars, page 79.

High-Grade Gloves, pag«s 80-83.

House Dresses, pages 137 to 141.

Sweaters in newest design, pages 142-144.
Hosiery, pages 145-147.

Cute Slippers, pag.- 171.

Toilet Necessities, page 183.

Perfumes, page 184.

Ebony Brushes and Mirrors, page 184.
Grained Ivory Manicure Pieces, page 185.

“ 4 4 Brushes & Mirrors, page 185.

Filled Toilet Cases, page 186.

Music Rolls, page 186.

Purses and Hand Bags, page 188.

Fancy Combs, page 191.

Woman’s Jewelry, pages 193, 194, 197.

Cut Glass and Silverware, pages 200-203.
Aluminum Kitchen Utensils, page 205.
Handkerchiefs, pages 214 and 215.

Dress Fabrics, pages 217-229.

Dolls, pages 206 and 207.
Handkerchiefs, pages 214 and 215.
Purses, page 188.

Muffler Sets, pages 72 and 73.
Sweaters, pages 142-144.

Baby Jewelry, page 193.

FOR HIM

Socks, pages 148 and 149.

Cosy Slippers, page 171.

Ebony Military Brushes, page 184.
Grained Ivory Brush, s, page 185.
Shaving Sets, page 186.

Ash Trays, page 186.

Filled Toilet Sets, page 186.

Musical Instruments, page 188.
Victrolas, page 188.

Men’s Jewelry, page 192.

Rings, pagAS 196 and 197.

Watches, pages 198 and 199.

Razors, page 204.

Potket Knives, page 204.

Skates, page 205.

Fountain Pens, page 208.

Playing Cards, page 205.
Handkerchiefs, page 216.

Gloves and Mitts, pages 248 and 250.
Pipes, page 251.

Sweaters, pages 281-283.

Ties, page 288.

Dressing Robes, page 289.

KIDDIES

Toys, pages 206 and 207.

Skates, page 205.

Erector Sets, page 205.

Pocket Knives, page 204.

Neckties, page 288.

FOR THE

These are but a few of the many timely suggestions that
will occur to you as you leaf over the Simpson Fall & Winter
Catalogue.

Also remember when shopping in the Simpson Catalogue
you receive the benefit of prices fixed when the Fall & Winter
Catalogue was printed. Many of the prices would be higher if
we bought only in small quantities.

Take a Christmas shopping trip through your Simpson
Fall & Winter Catalogue to-day and send your order early.

— SIMPSON'S*

TORONTO REGINA

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